Optimal maintenance Its the discipline which is concerned with maintaining a system in a manner that maximizes profit or minimizes cost.
Maintenance costs Maintenance costs are usually greater than development costs by a factor of 2 to Reasons: Maintenance changes ,degrades the original system structure. Aging software results in high support costs. Maintenance cost factors Team stability Maintenance costs are reduced if the same staff are involved with them for some time.
Contractual responsibility The developers of a system may have no contractual responsibility for maintenance so there is no incentive to design for future change. Staff skills Maintenance staff are often inexperienced and have limited domain knowledge.
Program age and structure As programs age, their structure is degraded and they become harder to understand and change. Strategies to reduce maintenance costs: -Correct slight defects in parts and jigs. Therefore a delivered system won't meet its requirements. When a system is installed in an environment it changes that environment and therefore changes the system requirements. In the last few classes we observed the various processes in SDLC starting from preliminary investigation to implementation.
The next phase is maintenance. System maintenance is both a costly and time consuming task. Debbie Richardson Dec. AryanBhatt18 Nov. KavitaJohijode Dec. Show More. Total views. You just clipped your first slide! Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later.
Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Visibility Others can see my Clipboard. Cancel Save. Exclusive 60 day trial to the world's largest digital library. Activate your free 60 day trial. Click Create Select a restore point date in bold NEVER spray anything directly on the screen. Wipe monitor case and monitor cable with cloth not terry cloth dampened with water. Turn the computer back on.
Did this solve the problem? Uninstall it to see if that clears up the problem. Change the settings back to what they were. If so, disconnect the hardware and uninstall any software drivers that were installed for the hardware. Check that no cables have been broken or damaged. Check the volume control on the headphone cord.
If so, right click the speaker icon and select Open Volume Controls. Uncheck any Mute boxes that are selected. Double-click the Multimedia icon.
Adjust the volume settings on the Audio tab. Power, Monitor, Mouse, Keyboard, Headphones, internet cable? It might need to be cleaned. If so, plug it into another computer. If it does work on the other computer, there is likely something wrong on the computer. If not, turn the printer on. If so, press the green button to put it online.
If not, replace the paper. If so, replace the cartridge. If so remove the stuck paper. If so, it is most likely a software issue. Is so, use the print troubleshooter in the help to diagnose the problem. Click Start and select Help. Search for troubleshooting and select printers. In other words, the mouse pointer and keyboard stop responding to your actions. An easy way to accomplish this is to press the Ctrl and Alt keys with one hand and then while they are pressed use your other hand to press the Del key.
This will bring up a dialog box. Task Manager Click on the button labeled Task Manager. Following are some types of maintenance based on their characteristics:.
Corrective Maintenance - This includes modifications and updations done in order to correct or fix problems, which are either discovered by user or concluded by user error reports. Adaptive Maintenance - This includes modifications and updations applied to keep the software product up-to date and tuned to the ever changing world of technology and business environment. Perfective Maintenance - This includes modifications and updates done in order to keep the software usable over long period of time.
It includes new features, new user requirements for refining the software and improve its reliability and performance. Preventive Maintenance - This includes modifications and updations to prevent future problems of the software. It aims to attend problems, which are not significant at this moment but may cause serious issues in future. Reports suggest that the cost of maintenance is high.
There are various factors, which trigger maintenance cost go high, such as:. IEEE provides a framework for sequential maintenance process activities. It can be used in iterative manner and can be extended so that customized items and processes can be included. It is generated by user or system may itself report via logs or error messages. Here, the maintenance type is classified also. Analysis - The modification is analyzed for its impact on the system including safety and security implications.
If probable impact is severe, alternative solution is looked for. A set of required modifications is then materialized into requirement specifications. Design - New modules, which need to be replaced or modified, are designed against requirement specifications set in the previous stage.
Test cases are created for validation and verification. Implementation - The new modules are coded with the help of structured design created in the design step.
Every programmer is expected to do unit testing in parallel. System Testing - Integration testing is done among newly created modules. Integration testing is also carried out between new modules and the system. Finally the system is tested as a whole, following regressive testing procedures.
Acceptance Testing - After testing the system internally, it is tested for acceptance with the help of users. If at this state, user complaints some issues they are addressed or noted to address in next iteration. Delivery - After acceptance test, the system is deployed all over the organization either by small update package or fresh installation of the system.
The final testing takes place at client end after the software is delivered. Maintenance management - Configuration management is an essential part of system maintenance.
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