They install inside the Java Virtual Machine of the client. This provides better performance than the type 1 and type 2 drivers as it does not have the overhead of conversion of calls into ODBC or database API calls.
Unlike the type 3 drivers, it does not need associated software to work. As the database protocol is vendor specific, the JDBC client requires separate drivers, usually vendor supplied, to connect to different types of databases. Type 1 driver:This type of driver code maps directly to a high level native API. Type 2 driver:A T2 driver has a native component that is part of the driver, but separate from the data access API.
The native component and the Java component make up this driver. Type 3 driver:This is a Java client that communicates using a database independent protocol. Since the protocol is database independent, the advantage of this protocol falls to middleware servers that act as gateways to heterogeneous backend servers. Type 4 driver:This driver is pure Java and implements the network protocol for a specific data source.
The client connects directly to the data source. Table 1. The physical representation of the universal JDBC driver is the db2jcc. The same applies to Windows. Windows instructions are the same. The support that is enabled for this driver is JDBC 2. Support includes most implementations of JDBC 3. Connection The difference between the two JDBC drivers is shown in the way that they make their connections. Table 2. Everything is pure Java, and the way it communicates with the database server is though network communication.
The DB2 product must be installed in order to use this driver. This is a pure Java driver and so can run independently of what product is installed on the machine where it runs. That is, it can be considered as a separate entity on its own and independent of the DB2 product it is shipped with. Driver initialization The way you actually write the code to load the driver changes depends on which driver you want to use.
Table 3. Driver initialization comparison CLI legacy driver Universal driver There are three essential steps needed to load and make this connection: Import the JDBC core classes for example, import java. The universal driver supports both Type 2 and Type 4 connectivity from a single driver. Table 4. This driver can be considered an independent product. It does not require the product to be installed, and it can be shipped with the many DB2 platforms that the product ships with.
Legacy driver versions are in line with DB2 UDB fix packs and, as such, are only shipped when a fix pack is released. The shipping of the JCC driver is independent of the fix pack. JCC drivers have their own versions and are shipped as needed by the release for any DB2 product. For example, DB2 V8. Table 5. Error handling comparison CLI legacy driver Universal driver The legacy driver gets its error messages from the DB2 product and essentially spits out the entire error message back to the application.
Undefined error codes issued by the universal driver are given the error code of Transaction management A transaction is a set of one or more statements that are executed together as a unit of work UOW. Table 6. Transaction management CLI legacy driver Universal driver XA support has been enabled for this driver for a very long time. As of V8. Diagnose problems and analyze traces Components of a JDBC trace Whenever you get any type of exception in DB2, the next step is to find out where that error is coming from.
Figure 1. Java runtime environment If you look at the diagram in Figure 1, you see that the Java runtime environment JRE contains the error-handling mechanisms in Java.
You will always find the following parts: You usually call next SQLException to return the next exception in the chain.
Depending on what you want to trace, you can enable the JCC trace to only trace the following properties:com. In fact, in most situations, this is all you need to know. But if you need more detailed tracing in certain JDBC universal driver components, then the bitwise operator will enable you to do this. Just a side note, there is also a bitwise operator you can use if you want to trace everything except a certain component.
Single-Tier Architecture. Client Application that depends on external networking services e. Connection Pooling. Enables efficient management of resources associated with database sessions. Controlled Access to Data Assets. Controlled Access to Data Assets prevents unauthorised changes. Database Independent Networking. Ease of Integration. Ease of integration speeds deployment and enhances utility. Database mirroring compatibility.
Provides developer with DBMS server topology flexibility. Enables applications developers to work concurrently against multiple query result sets. Multithreading support. Enables development, deployment, and use of multithreaded client applications. Reference Cursors Support in Stored Procedures. Secure data transmission between applications and DBMS server. Snapshot transaction isolation level. Enabling additional transaction isolation granularity to application developers.
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